@
hensou@•Ο‘Š
KEY WORD :@art history / paintings
@
Ch: bianxiang. Also called hen •Ο (Ch: bian) or kyouhen Œo•Ο (Ch: jingbian). Transformation scenes, tableaux, or other pictorial representations which show the various illusionary manifestations of Buddha figures and their Buddha realms, often rather schematically arranged. The sanskrit term parinama means transformation, and indicates a readily accessible visual presentation, or transformation, of a more abstrusely written Buddhist teaching. The term henbun •Ο•Ά (Ch: bianwen) refers to a popular Tang genre of literature with religious and secular content related to oral storytelling with pictures. Moreover, Chinese records dating from the Six dynasties and Tang dynasty indicate that bianxiang (hensou) is also applied to depictions of various Buddhist narratives, such as *honjou-zu –{Ά}, *butsuden-zu •§“`}, and *hiyu setsuwa-zu 栚gΰ˜b}, almost the way the term *setsuwaga ΰ˜b‰ζ is commonly used. The term hensou is also associated in China and later in Japan with visual props used in recitations by male and female preachers or storytellers to an audience *etoki ŠG‰π and therefore the illustrations typically have narrative content. Numerous Chinese examples are extant in the Buddhist caves of Dunhuang (Jp: Tonkou “ΦΰŠ) dating from the late 6c/early 7c-10c. Following such Chinese precedents, many paintings termed hensou were also produced in Japan. The most popular Japanese depictions were those of paradises described in the sutras *joudo hensou ς“y•Ο‘Š, such as *Kangyou hensou ŠΟŒo•Ο‘Š, *Amida joudo hensou ˆ’–ν‘ɏς“y•Ο‘Š and *Hokekyou hensou –@‰ΨŒo•Ο‘Š. These depictions often focus on a Buddha in the center of the painting with scenes derived from narratives in the sutras around the borders. After the Heian period, the term *mandara ™ΦδΆ—…, a geometrically organized diagram of the Buddhist cosmos popularized by esoteric Shingon ^ŒΎ Buddhism, often replaced the term hensou, such as *Taima mandara “––ƒ™ΦδΆ—…, *Chikou mandara ’qŒυ™ΦδΆ—…, *Seikai mandara ΄ŠC™ΦδΆ—… (collectively known as *joudo sanmmandara ς“yŽO™ΦδΆ—…).
@
@

@
REFERENCES:
@
EXTERNAL LINKS: 
@@
NOTES
@

(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.@No reproduction or republication without written permission.
ŒfΪ‚ΜƒeƒLƒXƒgEŽΚ^EƒCƒ‰ƒXƒg‚ȂǁA‘S‚Δ‚ΜƒRƒ“ƒeƒ“ƒc‚Μ–³’f•‘»E“]Ϊ‚π‹Φ‚Ά‚ά‚·B
@