daibutsuyou kumimono　大仏様組物

KEY WORD :　architecture / general terms

Also daibutsuyou tokyou 大仏様斗きょう. Lit. Great Buddha style bracket complex. A bracket system introduced by the priest, Chougen 重源 (1121-1206) who introduced the daibutsu style *daibutsuyou 大仏様 architecture to Japan. this style was who used in the bracket complex in the rebuilding of Toudaiji Daibutsuden 東大寺大仏殿 in Nara, during the last decade of the 12c. The only unadultered examples of this style extant are found in Toudaiji *Nandaimon 南大門 and Joudoji *Joudodou 浄土寺浄土堂 (1192) in Hyougo prefecture. In these cases the bracket arms are inserted directly into the pillars and are called *sashihijiki 挿肘木. The outward extension of the first and lowest arm inserted is relatively short. It carries one bearing block *masu 斗 that in turn supports another longer bracket arm on which two bearing blocks are placed. This is repeated up to six times in Nandaimon. The nosings *kibana 木鼻 of some bracket arms are embellished with incised curvilinear ornamentation called *hanaguri 鼻繰. Along the walls, two tiered bracket arms are inserted into the pillars to increase the lateral supporting strength. Huge bearing blocks *daito 大斗 which receive 3-on-1 bracket complexes *mitsudo tokyou 三斗斗きょう are found atop the pillars. Purlin-bearing bracket arms *sanehijiki 実肘木 are set into each set of three bearing blocks to support the uppermost beams *keta 桁, over which the rafters are laid. The bearing blocks are set on plate-like blocks *sarato 皿斗 and the corners of the lower part are carved in an arc shape up to the square corner of the block itself.

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