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tenjin@“V_
KEY WORD :@art history / 1, 2 iconography, 3 sculptures
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Lit. heaven people.

1@The heavenly gods as opposed to the gods of earth, chigi ’n‹_.

2@Tenjin. The deified spirit of Sugawara no Michizane ›Œ΄“Ή^ (845-903). Derived from the combination of the belief in the thunder god (see *Fuujin Raijin •—_—‹_) with the fear of the resentful ghost of Michizane who died due to a false accusation. See *Kitano tenjin engi –k–μ“V_‰‹N and *Totou Tenjin “n“‚“V_.

‚R@A noh mask *noumen ”\–Κ, representing both the deified spirit of the 9-10c. statesman Sugawara no Michizane ›Œ΄“Ή^ and a god linked to agricultural rituals. The mask's unassuming nose, thin-lipped, open mouth exposing upper and lower teeth, and fleshy cheeks are simple and human-like. However, the reddish coloring, the hair around the lips, the eyebrows that sweep upward, and the gold metal eyes that peer downward give the mask an air of heightened emotions and movement. Used to portray Michizane in the plays such as RAIDEN —‹“d and AIZOMEGAWA —•υμ. Michizane lost his position as Minister of the Right, Udaijin ‰E‘εb and was banished to Kyuushuu ‹γB on account of an intrigue by a jealous Minister of the Left, Sadaijin Ά‘εb. Dying in a fit of rage, he invoked the gods to bring calamities to the court and capital. Tenjin is also connected to agricultural rites and is used to portray heavenly gods as in the plays SHARI ŽΙ—˜, DAIE ‘ε‰ο, KINSATSU ‹ΰŽD, AWAJI ’W˜H, EMA ŠG”n, and DAIROKUTEN ‘ζ˜Z“V. A tenjin mask of early form with an inscription dating it to 1571 is housed at Suwaasugi Jinja {”gˆ’{‹^_ŽΠ in Fukui prefecture. See *kijinmen ‹S_–Κ.
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