Enmaten mandara　焔魔天曼荼羅

KEY WORD :　art history / iconography

A variety of mandala *mandara 曼荼羅, centered on *Enmaten 焔魔天 (Sk:Yama), lord of the underworld (see *besson mandara 別尊曼荼羅). Enmaten, with two arms and seated astride a buffalo, is depicted in the center flanked on the left and right by his two consorts Kokuangou 黒暗后 (Sk:Kalaratri) and Shikou 死后 (Sk:Mrtyu). The names of his two consorts are sometimes given as Enmatengou 焔魔天后 (Sk:Yami and Shikou), and there is considerable variation in regard to his other retainers, who may include the Shichimoten 七母天 (Sk:Saptamatrka) or Seven Mothers and other deities of Indian origin mentioned in the DAINICHIKYOU 大日経 (Sk:Vairocanabhisambodhi-sutra) or various Taoist gods of the underworld such as Taizanfukun 太山府君 (Ch:Taishanfujun), Shimyoui 司命 and Shiroku 司録. Polychrome examples of this mandala include those kept at Daigoji 醍醐寺 in Kyoto, Kyoto National Museum, and the Freer Gallery of Art in the United States.

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