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| sama@·Τ | ||||||
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| KEY WORD :@architecture / castles | ||||||
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| Also read hasama. A loophole or porthole made in the wall of the keep, tower, or parapet to allow a castle to defend itself with arrows *yazama ξ·Τ, spears and hand-held firearms *teppou sama SC·Τ and large cannon oozutsu zama ε·Τ. The openings were circular, triangular, rectangular, square, pentagonal or hexagonal, with the dimensions of the outside opening often smaller than the interior opening in order to protect the defenders. Many loopholes were hourglass shaped *uchisoto hachimonji ΰOͺΆ, narrow in the centre with wide openings at either side. This gave the widest possible shooting range and flexibility from the inside, and the minimum exposure to the enemy. Arrow loopholes yazama, constructed as a narrow vertical rectangle, were classified into seated or standing loopholes, *isama ·Τ and *tachisama §·Τ respectively. They were also classified by location: loopholes beneath one's feet ashishita sama «Ί·Τ or side loopholes *yokosama ‘·Τ. Loopholes made in earthen walls or earthen embankments were called tsuchisama y·Τ and those in a stone wall *ishisama Ξ·Τ. Sometimes they were constructed with special hidden openings, kakushisama B·Τ, that couldn't be spotted from the outside. Edo military scholars had specific rules, called *samakubari ·Τz, not only for placement but also for the distribution of loopholes in the castle walls. | ||||||
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*teppou sama
SC·Τ (leftFoutside@rightFinside)
Matsuejou Tenshu Ό]ιVη (Shimane)  |
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(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.@No reproduction or republication without written permission. fΪΜeLXgEΚ^ECXgΘΗASΔΜRecΜ³f‘»E]ΪπΦΆά·B |
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