kemuridashi　煙出
KEY WORD :　architecture / general terms
　
Also pronounced kemudashi. A smoke louvre. An opening in the roof of a building designed to allow smoke from a hearth *irori 囲炉裏 or range *kamado 竈 to escape. Since the chimney was not introduced from the West until the 19c, smoke louvres were used in Japanese architecture from the earliest times. They were found in traditional vernacular houses *minka 民家, in service buildings in upper class residences, temples and shrines, and in certain proto-industrial structures. The simplest type was an opening in the upper part of the gable end of a gabled *kirizuma yane 切妻屋根 or hip-and-gable roof *irimoya yane 入母屋屋根, often with an open, lattice covering *koushi 格子. It is believed that this type was already in use in prehistoric times (see *tateana juukyo 竪穴住居). A more elaborate louvre was the so-called *yagurakemudashi 櫓煙出, which derived name from its resemblance to a turret *yagura 櫓. It had a miniature independent frame with its own roof, either of the kirizuma or irimoya style, set astride the ridge *mune 棟 of the main roof. Smoke escaped through lattices in the vertical sides of the frame. Finally, there were kemuridashi set in the sides of the roof. This louvre resembled a low dormer window frame, such as the *chidori hafu 千鳥破風 with gabled-roof. Roofing material for kemuridashi usually matched the building materials of the rest of the structure, though occasionally tile was used for a kemuridashi on a thatched building. In order that smoke should make its way up to the kemuridashi, the interior space had to be at least partially open fukinuke 吹抜け or lofts had to be provided with a permeable floor of bamboo or timber slats. In some cases, kemuridashi also served to admit light.
　

Nagatomi 永富 house (Hyougo)

　
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