keigamon　慶賀門

KEY WORD :　architecture / gates

Temple and shrine gates, originally used only by the highest ranking people, especially the Fujiwara 藤原 family . During shrine festivals only their descendents may use it. The two best known keigamon were built about two hundred years apart. They are located at Kyouougokokuji 教王護国寺 in Kyoto and at the shrine, Kasuga Taisha Honsha 春日大社本社 in Nara. The style differences in these gates is significant. The Kyouougokokuji Keigamon (1191) is an eight-legged gate, 3×2 bays, with the entrance through the center bay. The roof is gabled *kirizuma yane 切妻屋根, covered with tile *hongawarabuki 本瓦葺, and the wayou style *wayou 和様. The gate has rainbow beams *kouryou 虹梁, frog-leg struts *kaerumata 蟇股, non-projecting, 3-on-1 bracket complexes *mitsudo-tokyo 三斗きょう, and closely spaced rafters *shigedaruki 繁垂木. The hidden roof *noyane 野屋根, was a later addition. This gate is one of six placed in the surrounding semi-enclosed corridor *kairou 回廊. The Kasuga Taisha Honsha Keigamon (rebuilt 1382-85) is a simple four-legged gate *shikyakumon 四脚門. This gate is similar to the *seijoumon 清浄門, and the *naijimon 内侍門, of the same date, also at Kasuga Taisha. They are 1-bay, one-entrance gates with cypress bark *hiwadabuki 桧皮葺, covering its gable roof. In the gable ends are rainbow beams and frog-leg struts but the intercolumnar bracketing has been influenced by the Zen style *zenshuuyou 禅宗様.

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