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kibana 木鼻 | ||||||
KEY WORD : architecture / general terms | ||||||
The nosings
that appear either as an extension of a tie beam *nuki
貫, or bracket arm *hijiki
肘木, or as an attachment called *kakebana
懸鼻, connected by means of an elongated tenon-and-mortise butt joint *saobiki
dokko 竿引独鈷 to the exterior side of pillar *hashira
柱, head penetrating tie beam *kashiranuki
頭貫, or a rainbow beam *kouryou
虹梁. Nosings were at first very plain with simple moldings, called fist
moldings *kobushibana
拳鼻, applied to the outer cut end of a roof member. Gradually they were decorated
with carved spiral patterns *eyou
絵様, in the Zen style *zenshuuyou
禅宗様, and highlighted with black ink on each side. Elaborate moldings and
incised patterns *kurigata
繰形, with a peak or ridge on the molded ends eventually replaced the simple
undulating types. During the 14c., patterns of young leaves came into vogue.
The decorative elements became more and more elaborate during the late Muromachi
period and continued to evolve through the Momoyama
and Edo periods. These ornate nosings, with their floriated
and foliated motifs, and the appearance of a openwork relief sculpture and
basket like carving, are characteristic of the late 16c〜19c. On the other
hand the daibutsu style *daibutsuyou
大仏様, used animal forms, the most familiar being one that resembled an elephant
with a raised trunk *zoubana
象鼻. There were no decorative patterns carved on nosings in the wayou
style *wayou 和様, before
the introduction of daibutsuyou at the end of 12c, and the
increasingly popular zenshuuyou during the 13c. Influences from these styles
can be found on wayou buildings, including attached nosings, but
they never became very elaborate. |
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(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System. No reproduction or republication without written permission. 掲載のテキスト・写真・イラストなど、全てのコンテンツの無断複製・転載を禁じます。 |
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