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ebisubashira 恵比須柱 | ||||||
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KEY WORD : architecture / folk dwellings | ||||||
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1 A
structural post considered sacred in an Edo period vernacular house *minka
民家 in most areas of Japan. The ebisubashira, was in most houses second
in importance to the principal Daikoku post *daikokubashira
大黒柱, and was believed to be an embodiment of *Ebisu 恵比須, who, like *Daikokuten 大黒天, was
one of the seven gods of good fortune *shichifukujin 七福神 and prosperity. Though in most cases
it was more slender than the often massive daikokubashira, the ebisubashira
was usually sturdier than the other posts in the building. Its structural significance varied,
and although, like the daikokubashira, it was often sited at a structurally
important point in the building, its dimensions were more symbolic than
structural. The position of the ebisubashira also varied, but by
and large it was sited in close juxtaposition to the daikokubashira,
most frequently along the boundary between the floored area, kyoshitsubu
居室部, and unfloored area *doma
土間 of the house. Examples can be found in vernacular houses in parts of
Aomori, Fukushima and Shiga prefectures. In minka where the main
entry *oodoguchi
大戸口, was found on the long side of the building *hirairi
平入, the ebisubashira often was situated towards the front, close
to the entry, while the daikokubashira was set further back in the
middle or towards the rear of the interior. In certain farmhouses in Hiroshima
prefecture, the ebisubashira is located away from the doma
in the partition dividing the kitchen *katte
勝手, from the sleeping room *nando
納戸. Alternative regional names for the ebisubashira include ebisudaikoku
恵比須大黒, shimodaikoku 下大黒 and *niwa daikokubashira 庭大黒柱. 2 In farmhouses in the Kumano 熊野 region of Wakayama prefecture, the term daikokubashira was not used. Instead ebisubashira was employed to refer to the principal post situated at the interface between floored and unfloored zones toward the rear of the house away from the long-side entry. |
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(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System. No reproduction or republication without written permission. 掲載のテキスト・写真・イラストなど、全てのコンテンツの無断複製・転載を禁じます。 |
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