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shouugyou mandara@Ώ‰JŒo™ΦδΆ—…
KEY WORD :@art history / iconography
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*Mandara ™ΦδΆ—… (mandala) of the Sutra for Praying for Rain. A variety of specific mandala *besson mandara •Κ‘Έ™ΦδΆ—…, based on the DAIUNGYOU KIU DANPOU ‘ε‰_Œo‹F‰J’d–@, a text used in rituals to pray for rain and related to the DAIUNRIN SHOUUGYOU ‘ε‰_—֐Ώ‰JŒo (Sk:Makhamegha Sutra), also abbreviated to SHOUUGYOU, whence the name shouugyou mandara. Also known as the shouuhou mandara Ώ‰J–@™ΦδΆ—… (mandala of the Ritual for Praying for Rain). In this mandala *Shaka Žί‰ή, displaying the *tenbourin-in “]–@—Φˆσ, is depicted seated inside or in front of a central pavilion representing the palace of the sea dragon king; he is flanked to the right by *Kannon ŠΟ‰Ή and to the left by Kongoushu ‹ΰ„Žθ (Sk:Vajrapani), while in the foreground are three dragon kings. Shaka, Kannon (or Rengeshu ˜@‰ΨŽθ; Sk: Padmapani) and Kongoushu form a typical triad dating back to the Buddhist art of Mathura in India, and they later evolved into the three divisions or 'families' known as the Buddha family butsu-bu •§•”, Lotus family renge-bu ˜@‰Ψ•” and Adamantine family kongou-bu ‹ΰ„•”. This mandala lacks the geometrical features that mark later types, and the small-scale depiction of deities centered on a triad as part of a landscape. May be considered to approximate to the original format of the mandala. Typical examples of tthe shouugyou mandara are a line drawing *hakubyou ”’•` preserved at Touji “ŒŽ› in Kyoto and that in the *KAKUZENSHOU Šo‘T΄, a ritual compendium, but there are minor differences in the disposition of the deities. There are also some rare examples of a shouuhou shiki mandara Ώ‰J–@•~™ΦδΆ—… in which the triad centered on Shaka is omitted and only the dragon kings are depicted .
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