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Rishukyou mandara@—ŽοŒo™ΦδΆ—…
KEY WORD :@art history / iconography
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A mandala *mandara ™ΦδΆ—… symbolizing the doctrines of the RISHUKYOU —ŽοŒo (Sk: Prajnaparamitanaya-sutra: Sutra of the Principle of the Perfection of Wisdom). The RISHUKYOU consists of seventeen sections juushichidan \Ž΅’i, and the seventeen mandara symbolizing the doctrines of each of these seventeen sections are collectively known as the Juushichidan mandara \Ž΅’i™ΦδΆ—…; there is also an eighteen-assembly mandala Rishukyou juuhachi-e mandara —ŽοŒo\”ͺ‰ο™ΦδΆ—… in which a setsu-e mandara ΰ‰ο™ΦδΆ—…, depicting the scene when the RISHUKYOU was expounded, has been added. Among the 18 mandara comprising this assembly, the second Tairaku mandara ‘εŠy™ΦδΆ—… (Mandala of Great Bliss) is the most important, and it was modified to conform with the principles of the *Kongoukai mandara ‹ΰ„ŠE™ΦδΆ—… and incorporated into the *Kue mandara ‹γ‰ο™ΦδΆ—… as the Rishu-e —Žο‰ο. If Kongousatta ‹ΰ„ŽF, the central deity of the Rishu-e, is changed to *Aizen Myouou ˆ€υ–Ύ‰€, this same mandara becomes the *Aizen mandara ˆ€υ™ΦδΆ—…. In addition, the ninth mandara Nyuudairin mandara “ό‘ε—Φ™ΦδΆ—… (Mandala for Entering the Great Circle) was used separately as the mandara of Dairin Myouou ‘ε—Φ–Ύ‰€, while the eighteenth Jinpi mandara [”ι™ΦδΆ—… (Mandala of Profound Secrets) was used as the Gohimitsu mandara Œά”ι–§™ΦδΆ—… (Mandala of the Five Secrets), but there are few independent examples of any of the other eighteen mandara, and they were not widely used.
The Rishukyou juuhachi-e mandara was introduced from China to Japan by Ennin ‰~m (794-864) and Shuuei @‰b (809-884). Later Genkaku Œ΅Šo (also known as Gonkaku, 1056-1121), Kouzen ‹»‘R (also known as Kounen, 1120-1203), Douhou “Ή•σ (1214-81) and others produced variant forms of the Rishukyou mandara by incorporating the doctrines of the RISHUSHAKUKYOU —ŽοŽίŒo (a commentary on the RISHU-KYOU) and KONGOUCHOUKYOU ‹ΰ„’ΈŒo (Diamond Peak Sutra; Sk:Sarvatathagatatattvasamgraha). There is also a xylograph version of the Juushichidan mandara at Fudaraku-in •β‘Ι—Œ‰@, Mt. Kouya ‚–μ, Wakayama prefecture.
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(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System.@No reproduction or republication without written permission.
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