rikuhou　六法

KEY WORD :　art history / paintings

The six Canons or Principles thought to be essential for the appreciation of Chinese painting. They were set out in the Southern Ch'i period by Hsieh Ho (Jp: Sha Kaku 謝赫) in his Ku Hua P'in Lu (Jp: KOGAHINROKU 古画品録, Record of the Classification of Painters), published c. 500. The author states that he simply transmits certain ideas that already existed at the heart of Chinese painting, but the terms in which he expressed them were accepted by his and following generations and became the general foundation for Chinese art-criticism. The translation into English of these four-character phrases presents problems of interpretation, but scholars generally agree on the following: 1) ki-in seiou 気韻生動 (spirit resonance) --circulation of the Ch'i (breath, spirit, vital force of heaven) produces movement of life; 2) koppou youhitsu 骨法用筆 (bone manner) --the brush creates structure; 3)oubutsu zoukei 応物象形 (conform with the objects to give likeness) --form is drawn according to the object; 4) zuirui fusai 随類賦彩 (apply the colors according to the characteristics) --color is applied according to the nature of the object; 5) keiei ichi 経営位置 (plan and design, place and position) --composition should be organized with the elements in their proper places (see *fukyoku 布局); 6) den'i mosha 伝移模写 (transmit models by drawing) --seek to pass on the essence of the master's brush methods by copying.

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