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Hiunkaku 飛雲閣 | ||||||
KEY WORD : architecture / buildings & structures | ||||||
Lit. a flying cloud tower. Unique, three-storied
timber building, roukaku 楼閣, built in asymmetrical design and located on
the grounds of Nishihonganji 西本願寺 in Kyoto. Traditionally, it was believed to
have belonged to Jurakudai 聚楽第 (built between 1584-86) for pleasure and entertainment,
according to the wishes of Toyotomi Hideyoshi 豊臣秀吉 (1536-98), and transferred to
Nishihonganji (c.1619). However, at present, many scholars think it more probable
that Hiunkaku was built at about the same time the garden, Tekisuien 滴翠園, between
1624-44. It is situated in the southeast corner of the temple precinct and faces
a pond called Sourouike 滄浪池 (blue wave pond). A boat can carry visitors
across the pond and anchor beneath the first story of the building. Steps are
provided to climb up to the first floor. There is an undulating gable roof over
the boat entrance and the water can be seen from the open translucent sliding
screens *shouji 障子. Another
access to the Hiunkaku is over a long stone slab bridge. Its length on
the north & south sides of the bridge is 25.8m, the east side is 11.8m and the
west, 12.5m. The first story interior is in the shoin style *shoin-zukuri
書院造, with the study facing the pond. The study has two levels of floor space,
of which the higher level has three mats. The study is called the Shoukenden 招賢殿
(invitation to wisdom hall) and has 7 1/2 mats with 2 1/2 mats in the alcove.
Next to the study is the Hakkei-no-ma 八景の間 (a room of eight scenes), a veranda,
and a tea ceremony room called Ikujaku 憶昔 (recalling old times). The second
story has a Kasen-no-ma 歌仙の間 (room of great poets), named after The Thirty-six Immortal Poets Sanjuurokkasen 三十六歌仙 painted on the wooden doors and walls. It also has a raised and lower level
floor. There is a lightly railed veranda around the second story. The third story,
excluding a stair landing, is only eight mats in size. *Katoumado
火灯窓 (ogee shaped windows) are on the north and east sides. Shouji with
diamond-shaped latticework are covered with translucent paper. The paneled ceiling
has paper pasted and gold leaf pressed on it. All the building's roofs are shingled
*kokerabuki 柿葺. The first
story roof has an undulating gable *karahafu
唐破風, on one side, and on the opposite, northwest side, a hip-and-gable arrangement
*irimoya-zukuri 入母屋造.
The second story has a convex hip-and-gable roof with undulating bargeboards on
three sides. The third story has a pyramidal roof *hougyou-zukuri
宝形造. |
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REFERENCES: | ||||||
*Oukakudai 黄鶴台, *kaku 閣 | ||||||
EXTERNAL LINKS: | ||||||
NOTES: | ||||||
(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System. No reproduction or republication without written permission. 掲載のテキスト・写真・イラストなど、全てのコンテンツの無断複製・転載を禁じます。 |
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