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gyokugan 玉眼 | ||||||
KEY WORD : art history / sculptures | ||||||
Lit.
crystal eyes. Eyes made of crystal which were inserted into the head of
a wooden buddhist statue in order to produce a realistic appearance. The
term is also applied to the technique of inserting the eyes. The perforated
eye-sockets were made in the hollowed *uchiguri
内刳 head of a wooden statue. Transparent lens-shaped crystals (or more rarely
glass), painted with the pupils on their backsides, were placed into the
eye-sockets from inside, with a backing of white paper or cotton, then stabilized
with pieces of wood and bamboo pegs. The Amida Triad *Amida
sanzon 阿弥陀三尊 dating to 1151 in Chougakuji 長岳寺, Nara, is the earliest
dated extant example. With the development of the hollow joined-block technique
*yoseki-zukuri
寄木造, crystal eyes became very popular and are found in most wooden sculpture
after the 12c. Although the technique of applying black stone eyes from
outside hitomikannyuu 瞳嵌入 was used in China and imported to Japan
in the Nara period, transparent crystal eyes are uniquely Japanese,
exemplifying the independent development of Japanese sculpture. |
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(C)2001 Japanese Architecture and Art Net Users System. No reproduction or republication without written permission. 掲載のテキスト・写真・イラストなど、全てのコンテンツの無断複製・転載を禁じます。 |
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