futamune-zukuri　二棟造

KEY WORD :　architecture / folk dwellings

Alternatively known as futatsu-ie 二つ家.　A style of vernacular house *minka 民家, with a divided ridge structure *buntougata 分棟型, common during the Edo period in Kumamoto prefecture and the southern part of Fukuoka prefecture. In Kumamoto prefecture, a typical example consisted of two narrow ranges, between 3.5m and 4.5m wide, with thatched roofs, usually hipped, yosemune 寄棟, placed side by side. One range, locally called niwaya 庭屋, contained the earth-floored area *doma 土間, and the other contained the raised-floor living zone, kyoshitsubu 居室部, generally made up of a single row of two or three rooms. Together they generated an internal plan that was almost square and only minimally disturbed by the valley gutter *amadoi 雨樋, that drained the trough between the two adjacent structures. Surviving examples are generally late or post-Edo period, although houses with a divided ridge have existed in this area since at least the early 17c. In Fukuoka prefecture, the two ranges are often linked by a transverse roof at the front or at the rear in an arrangement called maetanigata futamune-zukuri 前谷型二棟造.

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