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chanoma@’ƒ‚ΜŠΤ
KEY WORD :@architecture / folk dwellings
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Lit. tearoom. A Edo period communal living room usually containing a hearth *irori ˆΝ˜F—  and often situated close to the earth-floored area *doma “yŠΤ. Its character and use varied according to the scale of the structure.

1@In relatively large residences of middle ranking warriors or leading farmers and merchants, chanoma was principally used by the women of the household or by female servants as a kind of common room, where meals were taken, some food prepared and informal conversation took place around the hearth. In the Kansai ŠΦΌ region in particular the term was often used to refer to the maidservants' room.

2@In smaller residences chanoma was often used interchangeably with *ima ‹ŠΤ or *daidokoro ‘δŠ to refer to the principal communal living room.

3@In north eastern Japan, along the Japan Sea coast from the prefectures of Niigata to Shimane, in Shikoku Žl‘ and in parts of Nagano prefecture, the term was used in traditional vernacular houses *minka –―‰Ζ to refer to a large room adjacent to, and often opened to, the earth-floored area. Usually the room contained an hearth around which the family gathered for meals. The chanoma was often open to the rafters, allowing smoke to escape through a smoke hole *kemuridashi ‰Œo in the roof. Originally the floor was exposed timber boarding without mats *tatami τ. Also, the family's Shinto and Buddhist altars *kamidana _’I and *butsudan •§’d were often located in this room.
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