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joudan@γ’i
KEY WORD :@architecture / aristocratic dwellings
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A dais or a part of the floor in aristocratic dwellings of the *shoin ‘‰@ style, that was elevated a step higher than the general flooring. The room in which the joudan is found is also called the joudan-no-ma γ’i‚ΜŠΤ, and is the place where the person of highest rank sits. The remaining floor space is called the *gedan ‰Ί’i or lower step area. In halls where shogun addressed daimyou ‘ε–Ό and their highest ranking retainers, a middle stepped area *chuudan ’†’i was constructed between the joudan and gedan. Surrounding the joudan, in the most formal shoin halls, were a decorative alcove *tokonoma °‚ΜŠΤ and with staggered shelves *chigaidana ˆα‚’’I. On the outer wall was a desk-like arrangement tsukeshoin •t‘‰@ and on the opposite wall were elaborate decorative doors *choudaigamae ’ ‘δ\‚¦. The ceiling above the joudan is coved, coffered and finely latticed *oriage kogumi goutenjou άγ¬‘gŠi“Vˆδ. Before the Muromachi period only wooden plank flooring was used for joudan. Individual mats in varying sizes and thicknesses, and bound in various colors with fabric, were assigned to personages according to their rank. When straw mats *tatami τ were introduced to cover the entire floor, the previous mat-system of indicating rank became ineffective, and the solution was to elevate the floor as described above. A famous example was the Oohiroma ‘εLŠΤ of Nijoujou “ρπι, Kyoto (built 1600), where Tokugawa Ieyasu “Ώμ‰ΖN (1542-1616) held audiences with the court and military. Large rural dwellings *minka –―‰Ζ also gradually began to have a joudan after the Momoyama period; Minka were the homes of village headmen and sake brewers, as well as accommodating first class inns, etc. The Furui ŒΓˆδ residence (15-16c, Hyougo prefecture) has a joudan-no-ma as well as the Yakake Inn (17-19c, Nara). The shoin style was used here to accommodate high ranking noblemen and daimyou.
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Nagatomi ‰i•x house (Hyougo)
Nagatomi ‰i•x house (Hyougo)

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NOTES
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